| KRAPINA,
CROATIA.
Homo sapiens neanderthalensis |
The
Homepages for the
KRAPINA.(Republika Hrvatska) Special Link Page Text revised on 24 March 2009. |
Ostaci lobanje Krapinskog čoveka. (Crtež: Sead Čerkez, 1979.) Remains of Skulls of Krapina Man. (Drawing: Sead Čerkez, 1979.) |
INTRODUCTION
:
The primary function of this page is to briefly compare the Cattedown discoveries with those at Krapina in Croatia and to illustrate the differences in appearance between the anatomical structure of Homo sapiens neaderthalensis, such as those found in a cave at Hušnjak Hill at Krapina in Croatia in 1899 and those of anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens sapiens) such as those found in Worth's Cattedown Bone Cave at Cattedown, Plymouth, UK in 1887. The circumstances surrounding the discovery and subsequent excavation of the fossil hominin bones at Cattedown are adequately detailed in other Sections of these Webpages. . HISTORICAL RESUMÉ : and Comparison of the Circumstances, Find-sites and Finds at (a) Krapina (Croatia) and (b) Cattedown (UK) : 1a...Krapina
in
rural north-western Croatia was the first site in that country to be associated
with the remains of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis.
The site was expertly excavated from 1899-1905 by the geologist and palaeontologist.Professor.Dragutin
Gorjanović-Kramberger. In comparison to what happened at Cattedown
as a result of Burnard and Worth's efforts, the excavation methodology
of the site at Krapina was clearly far more advanced and in far greater
capable and expert hands!
2a...The
excavations within the Croatian territory had the instant and full recognition
and political support of the little town of Krapina, which was remarkable
for its time.
3a...At
Krapina,
the 876 fossil hominin remains belonged to several dozen different individuals,
of both sexes, ranging from 2 to 40 years of age. Of these remains, 196
are single teeth, and the others are cranial and postcranial skeletal parts.
Unfortunately, an entire skeleton was never found - the bones gathered
were from different body parts, ranging from the skull (fragments of frontal,
parietal and occipital bones) to bones of the limbs and feet. Some of the
skulls have prominent ridges over the eyes as well as the slanted brow.
Even though the bones were mostly poorly preserved, they were in sufficient
condition for the interpretation the anatomy of the Krapina Neanderthals
to be undertaken.
4a...At
Krapina,
the deposits were over 8 metres thick and are completely excavated.
5a...At
Krapina,
the excavations took 6 years to complete, 1899-1905.
6a...At
Krapina,
more than a thousand pieces of various stone tools and weapons from the
palaeolithic era (Mousterian Culture) were found in undisturbed cave-sediment
layers, all indicating that the contents of this rich locality are approximately
130,000 years old.
|
| COMPARISON
OF THE NEANDERTHAL (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) ANATOMICAL
STRUCTURE WITH THAT OF ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS (Homo sapiens
sapiens).
The principal undisputed feature that most people would remember in marking the difference between these two hominins is that of the facial appearance and in particular, the shape and angle of the brow ridge.
The
brain
volume of Homo sapiens neanderthalensis..was
significantly larger than that of Homo
sapiens sapiens.
It is considered that the average height of the Krapina Neanderthals was approximately 160 cm., whilst those of Homo sapiens sapiens from the Cattedown Site averaged about 154 cm., although if the Neanderthals had a stooping gait, they could well have appeared smaller. |
Ostaci lobanje Krapinskog čoveka. (Crtež: Sead Čerkez, 1979.) Remains of Skulls of Krapina Man. (Drawing: Sead Čerkez, 1979.) |
| . | |....Cattedown Homepage....| |